What medicine should be used for infusion of pneumonia in children?
Recently, pneumonia in children has become a hot topic of concern to parents. With the high incidence of respiratory diseases in winter, the number of pediatric outpatient clinics in many hospitals has surged, especially the cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have increased significantly. This article will combine the popular discussions and medical guidelines on the Internet in the past 10 days to sort out the commonly used drugs and precautions for infusion of pneumonia in children to help parents deal with it scientifically.
1. Common pathogens and treatment principles of childhood pneumonia
According to recent clinical data, the main pathogens of childhood pneumonia include:
| Pathogen type | Proportion (approximately) | drug of choice |
|---|---|---|
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 40%-60% | macrolide antibiotics |
| Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, etc.) | 30%-50% | beta-lactam antibiotics |
| Viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, etc.) | 10%-20% | Symptomatic and supportive treatment |
2. List of commonly used drugs for infusion of pneumonia in children
The following are commonly used intravenous infusion drugs in clinical practice and should be used under the guidance of a doctor:
| drug class | Representative medicine | Applicable situations | Things to note |
|---|---|---|---|
| antibiotics | Azithromycin, erythromycin | Mycoplasma/Chlamydia infection | It is necessary to control the infusion speed and be alert to gastrointestinal reactions |
| Ceftriaxone, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | bacterial pneumonia | Skin testing is required before use to monitor allergic reactions | |
| Antiviral | Peramivir (influenza virus only) | Confirmed influenza virus infection | Need to be used within 48 hours of onset of illness |
| Symptomatic treatment | Ambroxol injection | Thick sputum that is difficult to cough up | Infuse separately from antibiotics |
| budesonide nebulizer | airway hyperresponsiveness | Need to be used with atomizer |
3. 5 issues that parents need to pay special attention to
1.Antibiotic use principles: Mycoplasma pneumonia is naturally resistant to penicillins. Do not request the use of "advanced" antibiotics on your own.
2.Infusion course: Azithromycin usually adopts the "use 3 and stop 4" regimen (intravenous for 3 days and then oral), with a total treatment course of 2-3 weeks.
3.adverse drug reactions: Erythromycin may cause phlebitis, and azithromycin may cause QT interval prolongation. Close observation is required.
4.Auxiliary inspection: After 3 days of treatment, blood routine, CRP and other indicators should be reviewed to evaluate the efficacy.
5.Diet coordination: During the infusion period, you should maintain a light diet, take appropriate vitamin supplements, and avoid spicy and irritating foods.
4. Recent developments in clinical treatment
According to the latest "Chinese Journal of Pediatrics" guidelines (updated in November 2023):
| Update points | Specific content |
|---|---|
| drug resistance issues | The resistance rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to macrolides in my country exceeds 80%, and alternatives need to be considered |
| New drug recommendations | Tetracyclines (doxycycline) can be used in children over 8 years of age |
| treatment evaluation | It is recommended to conduct clinical efficacy evaluation within 72 hours. If ineffective, the plan needs to be adjusted. |
5. Expert advice and preventive measures
1. Confirming the pathogen is the key to treatment, and it is recommended to complete throat swab nucleic acid testing.
2. Children with mild symptoms can give priority to oral drug treatment to avoid unnecessary infusion.
3. Preventive measures include: getting vaccinated against pneumonia and influenza, maintaining indoor ventilation, and avoiding going to crowded places.
4. Immediate medical attention is required if the following conditions occur: high fever persists for more than 3 days, accelerated respiratory rate (>50 times/min in infants), and cyanosis of the lips.
Note: The treatment plan described in this article is for reference only, and the specific medication must be formulated by a professional physician based on the actual situation of the child.
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